Absolutism and Constitutionalism free essay sample

Explain the role that each of the following played in the failure of England achieving absolutism, as well as the success of the French: England France  · Religion Religion  · Parliament/Tradition Estates General  · Personalities of Leaders Personalities of Leaders  · Trust of Nobility Trust of nobility 3. Henry IV came to the throne and helped to end the French Wars of Religion. After over 30 years of civil war, France was a wreck politically and economically. To set the stage for absolutism, he and his finance minister, the duke of Sully, needed to strengthen certain aspects of the nation and weaken others. Explain where the following fell into their plans, using the terms in parenthesis in your answer:  · power of nobility (parlements)  · increased money for crown (monopolies)  · increased opportunity for economic success (canals, corvee) 4. After Henry IV’s assassination, his 9 year old son Louis XIII became king. Too young to rule, his mother named a brilliant official to serve as his regent. We will write a custom essay sample on Absolutism and Constitutionalism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Explain how the following policies show the nature of Richelieu’s â€Å"raison d’etat†:  · Use of intendants  · Actions in the 30 Years War (1618-1648)  · Treatment of nobles  · Treatment of Huguenots 5. Describe the factors that led to the revolt (known as the Fronde) of the French nobility against the young Louis XIV and Cardinal Mazarin (1649-1652). What lesson did the Fronde teach Louis XIV? How did it help prepare the French people for absolutist rule? Helpful Hints for Reading this Section: o The first part of this reading provides an overview of the two systems of government that developed, and offers you hints as to why they developed as they did. Read this carefully so that many of the details listed in future sections will mean more to you. o There is a big difference between the English Parliament and the French parlements (note difference in spellings). The Parliament (-ia) historically had the ability to declare whether taxes were just (fair) or not, and so the kings/queens always had to go before Parliament whenever they needed money. Parliament, located in London, had the ability to make laws. French parlements (-e) were different in that there were many regional parlements as opposed to one central one, and they lacked the ability to make laws. Rather, the French parlements just had the authority to accept or refuse policies proposed by the monarchy. The French also had the Estates General to serve as its legislature, but it was a medieval creation that never really caught on among the French nobles. It could only meet when it was called into session by the king, and that was very rare (met once between 1618 and 1788). Chapter 13 England 1. The Policy of Circumvention refers to the various English kings’ efforts to go around, or circumvent, Parliament in their gathering of money for the crown. Explain how each of the following was an effort to raise or save money, and why it angered nobles/members of Parliament:  · impositions- These additional custom duties were seen as taxation on imports and exports by Parliament and as requiring parliamentary consent. They angered nobles and members of Parliament because they viewed it as taxation without consent. selling titles of nobility (think supply and demand why would nobles feel like they each had less power if there were more nobles in the nation? )- people did anything they could to get a higher position so of course they would buy titles of nobility and since there were many nobles now, previous nobles felt less power because there weren’t as many â€Å"important† titles for everyone.  · James I’s role as peacemaker- 2. Summarize the many religious complaints that were raised against King James I. In defending the episcopacy, what did James mean when he retorted â€Å"No bishops, no king (pg. 452). James viewed the proposal to replace bishops with presbyteries as an attempt to diminish his power in the church so he quoted that. 3. What actions led Parliament force Charles I to accept the Petition of Right? How would Charles I have attempted to defend himself and his actions? What freedoms did the Petition guarantee? -disputes between Parliament and King Charles I over the execution of the Thirty Years’ War, Parliament refused to grant subsidies to support the war effort, leading to Charles gathering forced loans without Parliamentary approval and arbitrarily imprisoning those who refused to pay. The Petition guaranteed restrictions on non-Parliamentary taxation, forced billeting of soldiers, imprisonment without cause, and restricts the use of martial law. 4. Why did Parliament not meet between 1629 and 1640? Describe the circumstances that required their meeting in 1640. The Triennial Act was intended to prevent kings from ruling without Parliament, as Charles had done between 1629-1640. The act required that Parliament meet for at least a fifty-day session once every three years. 5. Create a timeline using the following terms, explaining what each is and how the terms relate to one-another.  · Short Parliament Scottish Invasion  · Long Parliament’s New Laws (1640-41)  · Grand Remonstrance  · Invasion of Parliament (Roundhead/Cavaliers) 1639-1640 Scottish Invasion= Breakdown of Charless government of Scotland and two attempts to impose his will by force. Scots rose in 1639 against Charles introduction of the English Prayer Book into Scotland, the anti-royal ist London merchants encouraged the invading Scots to capture Newcastle. This they did in 1640, totally disrupting the export of coal. The Scottish army remained in Newcastle for a year and charged the Corporation a regular fee for billeting its troops. 640 Short Parliament= sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles 1 of England and called â€Å"short† because it only lasted 3 weeks. He was forced to call the Short Parliament primarily to obtain money to finance his military struggle with Scotland in the Bishops’ War. -Long Parliament= established to pass financial bills. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could be dissolved only with the agreement of the members and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and at the end of interregnum in 1660. 641 -Grand Remonstrance= a list of grievances presented to King Charles I by English Parliament on 1 December 1641, but passe d by the House of Commons on the 22nd of November 1641, during the Long Parliament; it was one of the chief events which were to precipitate the English Civil War. 1642-1651 -Invasion of Parliament (Roundhead/Cavaliers)= was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians (Roundheads) and Royalists (Cavaliers). The first (1642–46) and second (1648–49) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third war (1649–51) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament. The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651. 6. Explain how the â€Å"Rump Parliament† and, more appropriately, Oliver Cromwell, ruled England during the period between Charles I and Charles II. ruled first England, and then Ireland and Scotland from 1649 to 1660. After the English Civil War and the execution of Charles I, the republics existence was initially declared by An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth adopted by the Rump Parliament, on 19 May 1649. The government took the form of direct personal rule by Oliver Cromwell. Just before and after the execution of King Charles I on 30 January 1649, the Rump passed a number of acts of Parliament creating the legal basis for the republic. Helpful Hints for Reading this Section: o To help remember the order of the English monarchs, try to remember the â€Å"Cromwell Sandwich. As with any good sandwich, it is named after the meat, which goes in the middle. Surrounding the meat is usually CHeese. In the Cromwell Sandwich then, the buns equal James (James I on top, or first, and James II bottom, or last) and the CHeese equals CHarles (Charles I on top of the meat or first, and then Charles II below the meat or second). Thus the order goes Bun (James I), Cheese (Charles I), Meat (Oliver Cr omwell), Cheese (Charles II), and Bun (James II). I don’t know, it helps me. : ) 1. Describe England under the Restoration of the Monarchy (what powers did King have? Religion? )- began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II. 2. Religion and the monarchy became an increasingly touchy subject in Restoration-era England. Discuss how the following acts/events display the conflict developing between monarch and Parliament:  · Clarendon Code= The Clarendon Code was a series of four legal statutes passed between 1661-1665 which effectively re-established the supremacy of the Anglican Church after the interlude of Cromwells Commonwealth, and ended toleration for dissenting religions. Declaration of Indulgence= Charles II of Englands attempt to extend religious liberty to Protestant nonconformists and Roman Catholics in his realms, by suspending the execution of the penal laws that punished recusants from the Church of England. Charles issued the Declaration on 15 March 1672.  · Test Act (note who this one was aimed at)= were a series of English penal laws that served as a religious test for public o ffice and imposed various civil disabilities on Roman Catholics and Nonconformists. The principle was that none but persons professing the Established Church were eligible for public employment, and the severe penalties pronounced against recusants, whether Catholic or Nonconformist, were affirmations of this principle. In practice nonconformists were often exempted from some of these laws through the regular passage of Acts of Indemnity 3. Both politics and religion played a large role in the forced removal of James II as King of England. Summarize the role of each, and note what served as the immediate cause of the Glorious Revolution. . Describe the political philosophy of John Locke found in his Two Treatises on Government. 5. How could one point to the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights as early successes for the history of Democracy? Helpful Hints for Reading this Section: o When trying to keep straight Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, think about what they stood for in regards to man’s â€Å"natural state. † Hobbes, who believed man was horrible, awful, wicked nasty and cruel, was a â€Å"Hater. † Thus, the first letter of his name and how he felt both match up (Hobbes; Hater). Locke, who said man was naturally good, was all about the Love. Thus, his name and beliefs are also connected by a first-letter principle (Locke; Love). Chapter 13 France 1. Explain how the theory of Divine Right strengthened Louis XIV’s power as king. How did his saying â€Å"L’etat, c’est moi† reflect the teachings of Bishop Bossuet? The Divine Right strengthened Louis XIV’s by saying that dictators, nobles, and parliament don’t have power over the people. â€Å"L’etat, c’est moi† means â€Å"I am state† reflected the teaching of Bishop Bossuet by saying God has the almighty power. 2. The Palace at Versailles is an integral part of Louis XIV’s strong reign. Answer the following with regard to life in Versailles:  · To â€Å"domesticate† something means to make it tame, or to train it to be useful to humans. In what ways did Louis XIV â€Å"domesticate the nobility? †  · Why did Louis XIV order nobles to follow such trivial social rules and elaborate social functions at Versailles? Louis ordered nobles to follow trivial social rules and elaborate social functions at Versailles because he wanted them to have less power, so they won’t be a threat to him. What types of people did Louis choose to head his government agencies? Why did he prefer to use them instead of the nobles, as was the case in other times and other countries? Louis XIV replaced the princes who had previously held positions as ministers with new aristocrats who feared him more. This gave Louis XIV, the King of France more power. 3. Explain the ways in which Jean-Baptis te Colbert made France’s economy superior to any other nations’ in the 17th century. How did the marquis of Louvois dramatically increase the effectiveness of France’s military? 4. Louis XIV’s France became so powerful that no one nation could likely stand up and defeat the French. For that reason, Louis chose to involve himself in a series of wars that would eventually break his nation’s finances. Include each of Louis XIV’s war in a timeline that shows the following:  · Years fought  · Reasons for War  · How foreign nations worked to Balance out French power  · Outcomes of War 5. Why did Louis XIV feel it was necessary to revoke the Edict of Nantes? What impact did this move have on his nation? Huguenots as a threat to his power. Huguenots through his reign were hostile to the crown and launched revolts. The revocation of the Edict of Nantes caused large numbers of them to flee to other protestant countries and establish themselves there, weakening the French economy. 6. Explain why the War of Spanish Succession (and the subsequent Treaty of Utrecht) makes a fitting culmination to a. the grand wishes of Louis XIV’s plans for domination of Europe, and; b. the principle of Balance of Power used to stop Louis XIV and contain French power 7. Consider Louis XIV’s Legacy. Create a list of positive and negative aspects of Louis XIV’s legacy. Then, create a thesis statement that evaluates the impact of Louis XIV on French history. Be sure your thesis 1) takes a side/has direction, and 2) does not simply list 3 things Louis did good and/or bad. o Intendants were government officials (royal civil servants,’ according to the text) in charge of oversight duties across all areas of French society. They were responsible for making sure that all tax money collected by regional tax officials went directly to the king (as opposed to some going to the collector’s pocket), and to oversee the training and discipline of the French military. They studied efficiency in production and carried their lessons to emerging French industries. Possibly the most important aspect of the intendants was the fact that they were not of strong noble birth. Richelieu and Louis XIV realized that using nobles to do the most important jobs of government ran counter to the idea of centralizing full power in the hands of the crown. For that reason, the intendants typically came from middle class backgrounds, people who did not possess large lands of their own. Thus, these peoples’ success in life was fully-dependent upon the king. If they became corrupt, another intendant would call them out and they would lose their job and what was likely their only chance to be very successful in life. This created an incredibly driven, obedient and loyal bureaucracy for the French kings. o During the Counter-Reformation, several different groups of Catholics came up with various ways they saw as correct in regards to Catholicism. The Jesuits were likely the most famous and most successful, as they traveled to every coastline and set up schools and monasteries in most all prominent nations. One of the Jesuits’ key messages to people was, â€Å"we can help save you. † By this, the Jesuits promoted the fact that people who were Catholic could be guaranteed salvation, so long as they followed the 7 sacraments and did as their priest told them. Another group, the Jansenists, saw this as untrue. Much like Luther and Calvin, the Jansenists believed that there was nothing people could do on earth to guarantee their salvation. They still believed in following all 7 of the Sacraments and other areas of Catholic doctrine, but they said that getting into heaven had to be a â€Å"gift† of God’s grace. A big religious dispute broke out within the Catholic church, and the influential Jesuits led an out-cry of opposition against the Jansenists. The point the text is trying to make with the Jansenists is that their group offered a form of Catholicism that included aspects of many Protestant religions (role of faith/grace as gift for salvation etc. ), which potentially could have kept French Huguenots (French Protestants) within the Catholic faith and kept them within France. When Louis XIV outlawed Jansenists, he made legal only the strongly anti-Protestant Jesuit Catholics, who began pushing for strong laws against Protestants.

UIUC GPA Calculator Essay Example

UIUC GPA Calculator Essay Example UIUC GPA Calculator Paper UIUC GPA Calculator Paper UIUC GPA calculator is a useful app allowing making a prognosis for future. It is a handy tool enabling evaluating one’s chances to get the place at a prestigious higher education institution. UIUC is a top ranking USA university having a bright reputation. This higher education institution allows young generations are getting an excellent education and building a prolific carrier. The facilities available at institution enable students to develop themselves in all spheres of life and contribute to the progress of science. The University aims to enhance the civil life and implement innovations. The institution occupies the leading positions in research, teaching and public engagement. UIUC has 16 academic units that supply more than 150 programs for graduate and undergraduate students. If you have an intention to enter this place, you need to use college GPA calculator UIUC. This program will allow you to estimate your chances to get the opportunity to study at a place, where you want to study! College GPA calculator UIUC GPA calculator UIUC is a program allowing every person to get to know, whether it is possible to get the place at a higher education institution of the dream. It is a chance to make a prognosis, which will help to single out whether the achievements match with the requirements of University admission committee. When a person has the full picture, it is easier to plan the future. As is often the case, potential student compiles a list of Universities that can become future places of study. Each of this place has its requirements and a minimal GPA allowing entering the university. The great strategy is to explore the ratings of the higher educational institutions from your wish list to get to know what GPA you should have. To know the average grade one needs to be able to use UIUC student GPA calculator. This app will allow determining the â€Å"what if† mark and compare it with the ratings of the UIUC and check whether there is a chance to enter the higher educational instituti on. The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UIUC GPA Calculator The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UIUC GPA Calculator is an app for every potential student endeavoring to become a part of this place. There is a simple piece of advice helping to use this tool. One needs to enter the official website of the University and find the option â€Å"GPA UIUC calculator.† You have to click the option, and you will see the window, where there are fields to fill in. Your task is to insert the data in the needed places. Try to insert name, of course, credit hours and approximate â€Å"what if† grades. The combination of this info and calculations presents a result – your GPA. These operations will help you to discover the minimum grade allowing making a prognosis for future. The grand strategy is to make this calculation when you still have time before the entering campaign. It will help you to evaluate your achievements and discover whether they meet the demands of the admission committee. This strategy will help to get the p lace at the University of your dream!

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Report - Essay Example GSK also owns and markets Aquafresh range of toothpastes, which may help smokers quit smoking. GSK’s principal pharmaceutical products include medicines in the therapeutic areas, such as respiratory, central nervous system, anti-virals, anti-bacterials, metabolic, vaccines, cardiovascular and urogenital. GSK has operated its business in 114 countries and sold products over 150 countries. The GSK operates in two segments: Pharmaceuticals and Consumer Healthcare. On June 5, 2008, GSK acquired Sirtris Pharmaceuticals Inc., a biopharmaceutical company. On October 14, 2008, group also acquired the Egyptian mature products business of Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS). Reuters reported that on Tuesday, 31 Mar 2009, Shire plc has entered into a joint promotional agreement with GlaxoSmithKline plc for VYVANSE (lisdexamfetamine dimesylate) capsules. The aim behind this promotional agreement is to improve recognition and treatment of ADHD in adults. (Reuters, 2009) On Wednesday, 25 Mar 2009 Reuters reported that GSK plans to take a significant stake in Aspen Pharmacare Holdings Limited. The reason behind this stake is to cement its current relationship into a long term bond which really makes a significant impression on the equity of both the companies. (Reuters, 2009) Issues related to the Environment, health and safety are subject to the primary and core issue because the business in which GSK deals is very much sensitive due to its attachment with the humanitarian side of the picture. So GSK’s needs to ensure that their products are neither injurious for health and nor for the environment. Lawsuits filed by patients, can be a result of adverse after-effects of any drug, which may bring a bad name and reputation for the firm, hence they need to ensure that no such window of risk is left open. The directors and senior management should give keen emphasis on practicing the corporate

NUTRITION RELATED DISEASE Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

NUTRITION RELATED DISEASE - Assignment Example The former, is mostly concerned with nutritional value of food and how dietary imbalance can lead to diseases, while the latter is concerned with the effects of ingesting contaminated food. While nutrition related diseases are caused by the inadequate or excessive uptake of nutrients, food borne illnesses are caused by consuming food contaminated by pathogens or poisonous substances (DeBruyne, Whitney & Pinna, 2008). The consumption of food and beverages contaminated by pathogens or harmful substances such as chemicals often leads to food borne illnesses. There are numerous types of food borne illnesses depending on the causative factors, and therefore, the symptoms of food borne infections vary. According to the CDC (2012) an estimated 48 million people in the United States are infected with food borne illnesses every year, with approximately 130, 000 being hospitalized and 3,000 dying. Raw foods, sea foods, animal products, fruits and vegetables are among the most likely foods to contain pathogens that can lead to food borne illnesses. Therefore, to reduce the risk of contaminants, individuals should clean their hands and surfaces before handling food, prevent cross-contamination, cook foods to the recommended temperatures, and chill cold food (Sizer & Whitney, 2014). According to Sizer & Whitney (2014) the possibility of food additives being carcinogenic is highly unlikely since the United States government does not approve such additives. Similarly, although accidental entry of contaminants in food is possible, such foods are monitored to ensure that such contaminants are not capable of risking the health of consumers, thus ensuring food safety. Food borne illnesses can be acquired from different sources, where pathogens have the opportunity to come into contact with food, thus causing contamination. The intestines of most animals contain harmful microbes and when these microbes

The Ethical Code Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Ethical Code Letter - Essay Example I believe that that the core moral values epitomize what is in line with our set goals. However, one may decide to set his or her code of conduct, it should be that which is in line with the Tesco new code of conduct. Dear employees, it is with my due indulgence that I address another critical factor that is the value of diversity in Tesco Company. Having employees from different diverse backgrounds will be able to realize the importance of globalization. The customers and workers will represent the different mix in our company therefore we can compete internationally. Moreover diversity also includes the age factor. Having employees of different age gaps will propel the company through realizing its goals because when an employee retires there will be others left. Furthermore, there will be increased pro ductility in the company because of diverse talents operating together. Moreover, there will be increased innovation and invention. It will be possible when different thoughts are put together towards a common goal. Lastly, with diversity, market sharing, and customer’s satisfaction will be a notch higher. My dear employees, code of ethics offers an opportunity for an accountable business organization. Therefore, it should be upon us to uphold the ethical code of conduct. Furthermore, all the benefits will be of great benefit to all of

India: the 2015 Budget and the Stock Market

India: the 2015 Budget and the Stock Market Introduction The Union Budget 2015-16 was presented by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley on 28th February and was a highly anticipated event for all sections of the Indian society. It was the first budget of the newly formed Government under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The government was formed with full support from the people of India, who considered P.M. Narendra Modi to be a change agent with the widely publicized campaign â€Å"Ache Din Aane Waale hainâ€Å". The BJP led campaign received widespread support not only from the masses but also from the corporate and stock market watchers. The stock market was not performing well since the last few years due to loss of investor sentiments, low return on investments and badly performing shares across sectors. On the day of the election result announcement, the stock market shot up to higher levels. This created widespread cheer among the investors and the corporate. They surely wished that better days are coming ahead. Hence the Budget was highly awaited by the business houses and the stock market players with a positive outlook, against the economic backdrop of a still-nascent recovery in the economy. The stock market response to the budget is often viewed as an important summary statistic of the â€Å"quality† of the budget in terms of improving the macroeconomic prospects of the country. Expectation of Stock Markets Fuelled by hopes and expectations, the stock market opened higher on the Budget morning. The experts were predicting a volatile market and it sure did not disappoint. Just like any other day, trading started at 9:15ISTand concluded at 15:30 IST. Analysts were ready to scrutinize measures in the Budget for financing infrastructure projects as well as the governments own capital expenditure on infrastructure for the year ahead. This was the first full fledged Budget of the  Narendra Modi  government and analysts looked for a roadmap for economic growth for the next few years. Before the Budget Day Indian stocks surged on 27 February 2015 after the Economic Survey 2014-15 tabled in parliament by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley stated that the government remains committed to fiscal consolidation and said that there is a scope for Big Bang economic reforms. Foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) bought shares worth a net Rs 1957.10 crore on 27 February, as per provisional data. Domestic institutional investors (DIIs) sold shares worth a net Rs 491.93 crore on 27 February, as per provisional data. On the Budget Day The benchmark index, Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) Sensex, opened at 29,411.33 points. The Sensex, which was trading with a gain of over 200 points before Finance Minister Arun Jaitley began his much-awaited Budget speech, swung between positive and negative terrain as he announced different measures. However, as the budget speech got under way, volatility set in and at 11:59am, markets slipped into the red. After some seesawing through the day, the markets closed with gains, with the equity benchmark Sensex adding 141.38 points or 0.48%., and closed at 29,361.50 points. It raised 141.38 points higher on promise of lower corporate tax rates logging the first rise on a Budget day in four years. In the previous three sessions on Budget 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Sensex had ended lower. However, the difference between the days high and low was 678.3 points. The best performing sector of the day was BSE Bankex, which gained 3.27%, followed by BSE Healthcare at 2.03%. Meanwhile, the worst performing sector was BSE FMCG which fell 4.09%, followed by BSE Consumer Durables, which fell 2.05%. The broader National Stock Exchange (NSE) index Nifty also moved up by 57.25 points to end the week at 8,901.85, after hovering between 8,751.35 and 8941.10. To better understand the effect of the Budget on the Stock Market and across the various sectors and companies listed in the Sensex, it is better to understand the major points mentioned in the budget which led to such widespread reactions. Budget Highlights Finance Minister Arun Jaitley announced a budget aimed at high growth, saying the pace of cutting the fiscal deficit would slow as he seeks to boost investment and ensure that ordinary people benefit. Mentioning below some of the major highlights from the Budget Fiscal deficit seen at 3.9 percent of GDP in 2015/16. Will meet the challenging fiscal target of 4.1 percent of GDP. GDP growth seen at between 8 percent and 8.5 percent. Expects consumer inflation to remain close to 5 percent by March, opening room for more monetary policy easing. Market Reforms Propose to merge commodities regulator with SEBI To bring a new bankruptcy code They plan to amend the RBI act this year, and provide for a monetary policy committee To set up public debt management agency Proposes to introduce a public contract resolution of disputes bill. To establish an autonomous bank board bureau to improve management of public sector banks. Inflation Monetary policy framework agreement with the RBI clearly states objective of keeping inflation below 6 percent GENERAL ANTI-AVOIDANCE RULES (GAAR) Government defers rollout of anti-tax avoidance rules GAAR by two years. It is ananti-tax avoidanceregulation ofIndia. GAAR to apply prospectively from April 1, 2017.Retrospective tax provisions will be avoided. It was considered controversial because it had provisions to seek taxes from past overseas deals involving local assets retrospectively. Taxation Major highlights were: To abolish wealth tax Replaces wealth tax with additional 2 pct surcharge on super rich Proposed to cut to 25 percent corporate tax over next four years as they consider that corporate tax of 30 percent is uncompetitive FM proposed modification of permanent establishment norms so that the mere presence of a fund manager in India would not constitute a permanent establishment of the offshore fund, resulting in adverse tax consequences. Extends withholding tax concession on foreign debt purchases by two years Expects to implement goods and services tax by April 2016 To reduce custom duty on 22 items Infrastructure Investment in infrastructure will go up by 700 billion rupees in 2015-16 over last year. It plans to set up national investment infrastructure fund. It also proposes tax-free infrastructure bonds for projects in roads, rail and irrigation project. Investments It proposed to do away with different types of foreign investment caps and replace them with composite caps to allow foreign investment in alternative investment funds Stock Market Reactions Positive Reactions the Companies/Sectors Benefitted The Union Budget 2015-16 presented by Arun Jaitley on Saturday is widely considered a good Budget. It announced many measures that cheered the common man and even industry bodies. India Inc was happy with the budget with most calling it a pro-reform and a positive budget. The lower corporate tax tied with fewer exemptions was accepted to simplify the tax structure and promote investment. Sentiments were lifted after FM announced a cut in corporate tax by 5 per cent to 25 per cent over four years starting April 2016. The government’s focus on investment in the infrastructure sector was also viewed positively by the market In order to boost infrastructure spending, the finance minister proposed to reintroduce tax-free bonds. These are secured, redeemable, non-convertible debentures issued by government entities to mobilize funds needed for infrastructure development. This should help attract savings looking for stable long-term risk-free return. Among other measures, foreign investors have been allowed to invest in alternate investment funds. Besides, the proposal to defer applicability of General Anti-Avoidance Act (GAAR) by two years, April 1, 2017, also boosted buying. Among the 30 Sensex scrips, Axis Bank topped the gainers by surging 8.1 per cent. Governments initiative to bring in a Comprehensive Bankruptcy code for the ease of doing business by 2015-16 is a big welcome step from the banking sector perspective. Stocks in banking, healthcare, auto, oil and gas and IT rose. Major Sensex gainers were Tata Motors, ICICI Bank, Dr Reddy, Hindustan Unilever, Cipla, GAIL, Tata Steel, HDFC Bank, Infosys, RIL and MM. They gained between 1-3 per cent. Meanwhile, foreigners bought shares worth a net Rs 1,957.10 crore on the day. Says KPMG India CEO Richard Rekhy: â€Å"The Finance Minister has come out with a pragmatic Budget which is directionally focused at achieving growth and keeping the fiscal prudence in mind. The focus is on ease of doing business in India and increased infrastructure spend. Measures like New Bankruptcy legislation, startup entrepreneur’s funds, GST rollout by FY 2016, deferral of GAAR will definitely support the cause of ease of doing business in India.† Negative Reactions the Sectors/Companies Impacted Media companies:Companies in the media space like PVR, Eros, Dish TV and Hathaway could be affected by the change in service tax rules. Now, the entertainment sector would be brought under the service tax net. Metal and mining stocks: The Budget announced two measures that could directly impact metals and mining companies like Hindalco, Sesa Sterlite and Kalyani – the increase in clean energy cess on coal to Rs 200/tonne from Rs 100/tonne, and the hike in basic custom duty on metallurgical coke to 5% from 2.5% earlier. PSU banks: The public-sector banks like PNB, Bank of India, Syndicate Bank and Dena Bank are heavily dependent on government finances.The Budget announced that the government will infuse Rs 7940 crore in PSU banks in the next fiscal. The Budget indicated the setup of a Holding Company for PSU banks, which would give them more freedom and control. It also indicated that PSU banks could issue more stocks in the market. This will help them raise money by themselves, thus lowering their dependency on government capital. ITC, Cigarettes Industries: The government usually reduces taxes for essential goods and increases tax burden on goods which are not essential and/or harmful. One such product which sees high taxation is cigarettes. The Budget further increased tax burden by hiking excise duty in certain cigarette products by 25% and 15%. This would make the cigarettes costlier from April 2015. Any rise in price negatively impacts demand and thus corporate profits. Shares of cigarette major ITC fell 8 per cent following the Budget proposal to increase excise duty on cigarettes. The government came down heavily on smokers and tobacco consumers in Budget 2015-16 with a steep increase in excise duty.Citing need for promotion of public health, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley on Saturday said: Excise duty on cigarettes is being increased by 25 percent for cigarettes of length not exceeding 65 mm and by 15 percent for cigarettes of other lengths. Similar increases are proposed on cigars, cheroots and cigarillos. Plastic Industries : The government wants to deter plastic consumption to reduce its harmful effects on the environment. For this reason, the Budget increased excise duty from 12% to 18% on plastic products (polymers). This would make plastic products costly. Conclusion Budget 2015 operates on some clear themes, and Government explains not just the challenges it faces but also the key ideas it is banking on. Declining agricultural income, the need for increasing investment in infrastructure, the need to remain on the fiscal consolidation path, a perceptible decline in manufacturing and the impact of the greater devolution of taxes to states have been highlighted in this Budget as the major challenges. This Budget was expected to be a ‘Big Bang’ Budget. It was expected to announce a slew of reforms to get India back on the growth path. While the Budget did announce small-scale reforms for the industries, it did not mention any big reforms. As a result, market benchmarks Nifty, Sensex slipped back into the red after the Budget speech. They were earlier up 1% because of the deferral of GAAR and a cut in corporate tax by 5%. Overall, Budget 2015 shows the Governments commitment towards increasing competitiveness of the Indian economy while managing the expectation of domestic corporate and the common man too. The real test lies in how efficiently the new government would be able to execute the ambitious proposals brought forth in Budget 2015 and how it helps in the bull run of the Stock Markets. References The Hindu : Union Budget Live http://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/live-union-budget-2015/article6944394.ece Business Today : Stock Market Sensex on 28th February http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/stock-market-bse-sensex-nse-nifty-union-budget-2015-16/1/216277.html

My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Teaching Teachers Careers Essays

My Philosophy of Education Several experiences have influenced my philosophy of education. Some of these experiences have been good, others have not, but they have all proved invaluable in shaping my methods of teaching. As a non-traditional student, I have learned many lessons since being out in the â€Å"real world† that have changed my opinions about learning and teaching. I believe in Social Reconstructionism, Progressivism, and discipline in the classroom. I desire to become a high school teacher because I feel that students at this age needs a positive role model and someone they can speak to without talking down to them. I want to encourage my students every step of the way, as they bolster their confidence in themselves and their ability to make the right decisions. Students at this age do not understand the importance of their education and take it for granted at this stage of their life. My father instilled in me a passion for learning, at a very young age. I want to share this enthusiasm with my students. I would like to specialize in science because of all the scientific discoveries that are being made today and yet to come. As a Social Reconstructionist, I believe the curriculum should address the global issues and social problems that science can create. Some discussion topics for my class would include animal testing, cloning, genetic research, DNA research, water and air pollution, and overpopulation. My students would research the topic and its effects, prepare a paper, give a speech, and lead the class discussion of the topic sharing their own viewpoint. This process would develop my students’ critical thinking, problem solving, and decision-making skills. By employing class discussions, cooperati... ...ial in the lives of their students. I want to be a positive influence in the development of every student’s education. Being an idealistic person, I want to be so much for my students; a teacher that shows caring, compassion, a helper with their problems, and a positive role model. After my students leave my classroom, I want them to know more than just a few vocabulary words that they memorized for a test. I want to provide my students with a solid foundation that they can continue to build upon long after they have left my classroom. I never want my students to later struggle to fill in the gaps of their education because I was an inadequate teacher. Above all else, I want to pass on to my students my love and joy for learning, and help them to see that education is the key to their future endeavors. "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald" by Gordon Lightfoot.

Anatomy Practice

The uppermost strand in this structure is called the coding strand. The second strand that lies below the coding strand is called the template strand. In order for a RNA polymerase to go from the upper strand to the second strand it must go through the process called transcription. First, the RNA polymerase must attach on to one of the genes on the coding strand on DNA. Once the RNA polymerase attaches, it must then begin the process called initiation.This means that the RNA polymerase opens up both strands of DNA in order for mRNA synthesis to begin as it moves down the template strand. Once it starts moving down the template strand, that’s when elongation occurs. This is when the RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA helix in front of it and rewinds the helix behind it matching each base with its correct partner. Once the RNA polymerase reaches a special base sequence called termination signal, transcription is then over.This is called termination. The row of â€Å"guitars† represents the sequence in the tRNA anticodons. The tan balls on the bottom of the â€Å"guitars† represent the amino acids in the polypeptide chain. The multi-color piano keys represent the different bases that are in DNA and RNA molecules. What is different in the second strand than the first upper strand is that the second strand is mRNA which contains the base Uracil while the first strand is DNA and contains Thymine instead of Uracil.The difference between the second strand and the â€Å"guitars† is that the second strand is mRNA which are codons while the â€Å"guitars† are tRNA and are anticodons. The difference in the sequence between the first strand and the â€Å"guitars† is that the first strand is triplets which contain Thymine and the â€Å"guitars† are anticodons and instead of Thymine, they contain Uracil. The process going from the second strand to the â€Å"guitars† is called translation. This is where the language of nuclei c acids is translated into the language of proteins in which they are used to assemble polypeptide chains.

event planner Essay Example

event planner Essay Example event planner Essay event planner Essay Event Planning To start with an event planner is a person whose profession is the planning of social events, as parties and fundraisers. To be an event planner you need to have patience because not everything you do will turn out the way you want it to. If you want to have a successful event, brainstorming is the key. To be an event planner you need to have developed some of the following skills; verbal and written communications, organization and time management, project anagement and multi-tasking, self-starter and team player, understand Microsoft office applications, detail and deadline-oriented, calm and personable under pressure, negotiation, budget management, staff management, marketing and public relations, and interpersonal skills with all levels of management. Also event planners will develop the following knowledge; Venue selection, catering, production, entertainment, gifts, transportation, lodging, and conference services. Those who chose to be an event planner as a career usually have a bachelors egree in hospitality management, public relations, marketing, or business administration. Also, sometimes event planners come through administrative roles that include planning responsibilities. There are many types of planners; there are wedding planners, sport events, corporate events etc. To plan an event having a guideline is very important. You need to have an overview of what your event is going to consist of, you need steps. The first step is determining the purpose of the event, who and what is it for. Second is assess resources, having to know who youre working with before planning. Third is determining the needs and interests. Who will be coming to the event, what type of people are they, what are their interests? Fourth is brain storm ideas, list all suggestions review every idea. Fifth is develop a timeline, make a list of tasks that needs to be done then make a schedule that shows when every task and how it should be completed. Sixth is reserve space, this is needed to be in advance, as early s possible because there are always events going on and space is always an issue. Seventh is develop a budget, you have to set a amount to spend on the event and even having ticket sales to cover for the event. You might need speakers, performers, volunteers, or hire staff members to help provide safety for the event. Ninth are details, complete and confirm all the details concerning the event. The last step in the event itself, whatever the case maybe have fun planning and hosting the event, let the hard work show off. event planner By ringram9121

Free sample - Pysc.. translation missing

Pysc.. Pysc.In health psychology, the multifactorial model is a foremost paradigm that distinguishes the all-around nature of illnesses. The multi factorial representation is an approach to health and health care that holds the conviction that an individulas good health is a function of numerous factors operating together. This model takes into account an individual biological factors comprising of immune system, genetics, and chronic pain; environmental features including pollution and job hazards; psychological factors comprising of anger, stress, and personality; cultural and sociocultural and factors coprising of things such as family size and the access of health care. Getting to undertand these diverse factors about an individual like their genetic composition and environmental factors can be a large tool in early identification of and understanding risk factors of various diseases. It is not a straightforward, simple case that a disease is as a result of a particular factor. The real ity is that decades if not over a century of contemporary research has resulted to the acknowledgment that a multitude of factors, as well as their connections, play a role in illness and in determination of health (Ricki, 2003).the various factors that are indicated by multifactorial model to be the variety of probable influences or origins of diseases comprise of the socio cultural, psychological, environmental, and stressors. This broad vary of factors, which comprise of both those within and without the control of an individual, are what determines an individual's health and his/her intensity of defenselessness to health problems (Ricki, 2003). Personality or psychological and other factors related to an individual behavior feature in quite a big number of health problems. This can be evidenced by the many number of deaths that could be prevented that occur every year in the United States of America. For instance, smoking is a cause of over 400,000 deaths yearly as a result of cancer, lung disease, heart diseases and stroke. Approximately over 300,000 yearly deaths that occur as a result of stroke, cancer, heart disease and diabetes can essentially be prevented by employment of proper exercise and good diet. Control or moderation of alcohol consumption, immunizations and safe sex practices or abstinence could also go a long way in preventing deaths from infectious diseases, injuries/accidents and vehicular and many disease that are transmitted sexually (Ricki, 2003). It should be noted very well that negative states of one’s psychology and depression can actually lead to a damaged immune system. This is so for the re ason that, dissimilar from the popular thinking, the physical and mental are not completely separate domains but, somewhat entwined (Ricki, 2003). Biological factors in this comprise of gender, age, various injuries, inoculations and exposure to various pathogens. Some individuals will unknowingly make an assumption that their health is condemned by, say, a family history of diabetes while it’s a function of one’s genetic make-up which is beyond a capacity of an individual to be altered. Because of a family history of a certain disease, some individuals will think fatalistically that there is nothing that can be done to perk up their possibilities of overcoming or escaping a given disease. According to National Cancer Institute’s Dr. Robert N. Hoover, many cases of cardiovascular diseases, cancer and others just give rise to predilections, not actually certainties (Ricki, 2003). Environmental factors comprise of the water quality, pollution, hygiene from sanitation and solid waste treatment, global warming, natural disasters and the ozone layer depletion. Individual stressors are responsible for a wide vary of circumstances comprising of hassles at home, time pressure, co-workers, and financial insecurity; major life changes; frustrations; workplace circumstances; and rejection or isolation by peers (Ricki, 2003). Consequently, the multifactorial model, in the diagnosis of an illness, takes into consideration the potential roles that are taken on by biological, psychological, environmental/cultural factors, together with their relations (Ricki, 2003). The appliance of the psychological health model in the United States is in various studies that try to give explanation on the phenomenon of black Americans apparently being affected by various health problems more as judged against to the European Americans. A person is more likely to be diagnosed of cancer if that person is encountering chronic stress. Those who are in excellent psychological health are not as much of apt to smoke, and definitely apt to smoke less. Psychological treatments are employed in combating nausea coming as a result of chemotherapy management for cancer. According to various studies, people who have been taught skills of relaxation are better capable of distracting themselves from the negative consequences of chemotherapy. People undergoing various cancer treatments for instance radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgeries are most prone to have feelings of depression, lack of control, stress and even anger. Such fveelings are comprehensible but if they turn out to be chronic they can depressingly have an effect on the immune system. And individuals are better capable to restore to health after surgery. Considerations of ethnicity have resulted to studies which show that African-Americans may certainly be genetically prone to hypertension, however, at the same time, stress, poor diet, and smoking to a great extent add to the advancement of the disease. Same considerations have resulted to the findings the predisposition of Afro-Americans to have poorer level of access to worth health care facilitate in explaining, for example, why they are less prone to undergo The multifactorial model is a more of a holistic medical problems approach. It puts into consideration an individual as a whole; their lifestyle and history, rather than only one faulty system or organ. This model results to a more precise treatment and diagnosis. Â   References: Ricki Lewis (2003), Multifactorial Traits, McGraw-Hill Higher Education Jannink, J; Bink, Mc; Jansen, Rc (Aug 2001). "Using complex plant pedigrees to map valuable genes". Trends in plant science 6 (8): 337–42.

Text in Context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Text in Context - Essay Example This paper will seek to establish how this movie is fundamentally anti-romantic in its approach to love and life in general. Unlike other coming-of-age movies that offer up answers or possible ways out to this ‘quarter-life crisis’, Tiny Furniture merely brings out the humor in the situation; a situation that is necessarily devoid of meaning or significance and must, at best, be survived. The film opens with Aura (Lena Dunham) returning home from college. She enters her home with ‘Honey, I’m home!’ This going ignored, she calls out again ‘Family?’ This ironic opening sets the tone for the rest of the film which continuously makes fun of itself and its protagonists, most notably of Aura/Dunham herself. The hopelessness of Aura’s situation is ironically presented even in the film’s promotional poster which declares â€Å"Aura would like you to know that she’s having a very, very hard time.† Dunham, then, very consciously locates the film in the context of the comedic genre. The master of self-deprecatory ironic humor Woody Allen is also invoked in the film when Jed is seen, more than once, reading a copy of Without Feathers in bed. Although the movie is not replete with comic situations or dialogue, the ironic touch and the invocations of other comic legends places it quite firmly in the comic tradition. As far as generic contexts go, Tiny Furniture also belongs to that sub-genre of independent film called ‘mumblecore’ that has emerged recently. Characterized by its naturalist approach, often-improvised dialogue and low budget and production values, this new trend in independent films, has been grabbing critics’ attention over the last couple of years (‘Mumblecore’). Amy Taubin in her review of the genre declares that it is almost entirely homogenous: The directors are all male middle-class

Environmental services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Environmental services - Essay Example awareness in Allen County may lead to significantly high amount of recycled water being diverted to non-cooking and drinking activities (Fleming 21-5). A projected 10 years’ timeline may lead to increased shortage of clean water for drinking and cooking in the highlighted county since the advisory service on recycled waste water is speculated to be withdrawn. With limited water to drink and cook, the county will have to grapple with increased cost of living from outsourcing water. There are high chances that withdrawal of the consultancy services on the economic suitability of recycled waste water for drinking and other domestic consumption will affect this county at large (Fleming 54-8). The issue will be used for political ride by various interested individuals and that may degenerate into greater policy recommendations. It is also worth to note that such retrogressive mentality against using recycled wastewater for domestic consumption will translate to reduced staff of the wastewater treatment firms like Clean Water Ozone systems. The result is loss jobs, reduced income and a slump in economic progress in the entire county through multiplier